Leather is a material created through the tanning of animal skin and hide. It is strong and durable, making it ideal for clothing, footwear, upholstery, and other items that see heavy use. The manufacturing process has changed little over the centuries, though modern tanneries have introduced new chemicals and finishes to the leather-making process.
The first step in creating leather is to remove any hair from the hide or skin. This is done through a process called liming, which uses either lime or another alkali substance to loosen the hair follicles. Once the hair has been removed, the hide or skin is then placed in a large vat of water where it soaking for several days. This allows the fibers of the hide to become more pliable so that they can be worked during the tanning process.
After soaking, the hide is removed from the vat and placed on a frame where it will be stretched tight. To begin the tanning process, various solutions are applied to the surface of the hide which help preserve it and give it strength. These solutions typically contain tannins derived from plants or other materials such as tree bark. Thehide is left to soak in these solutions for several weeks before being removed and allowed to dry .
Once dry,the leather can be used as-is or treated with additional chemicals or finishes depending on its intended use.
Leather has been used by humans for millennia for everything from clothing to shelter