Nanopatterned Surfaces

Nanopatterned surfaces are of great interest in many fields, ranging from catalysis and energy storage to sensing and biomedicine. In particular, they offer unique opportunities for tailoring the properties of materials at the nanoscale. This review focuses on recent developments in the fabrication of nanopatterned surfaces using various techniques, including imprinting, self-assembly, and directed assembly. The effects of surface patterning on material properties are discussed, with a focus on how these patterns can be used to control wetting behavior, promote adhesion, or modulate optical and electrical properties. Finally, we highlight some emerging applications of nanopatterned surfaces in areas such as flexible electronics, water desalination, and biosensing.