Opiates, also known as opioids, are a class of drugs that include natural and synthetic substances. They are typically used to relieve pain, but can also be used to treat other conditions. Opioids work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord. This prevents pain signals from reaching the brain and reduces feelings of pain.
Opioids are typically prescribed for short-term relief of moderate to severe pain. However, they can be addictive and cause harmful side effects. When misused, opioids can lead to overdose and death. Therefore, it is important to only use opioids as directed by a healthcare provider.
There are several types of opioids available, including:
• Codeine – an opioid that is typically used for mild pain relief or cough suppression; however, it can be addictive when misused
• Fentanyl – a synthetic opioid that is 50-100 times more potent than morphine; fentanyl is often used in hospice care or for cancer patients who have developed a tolerance to other opioids
• Hydrocodone – an opioid that is commonly prescribed for moderate to severe pain relief; however, it can be habit-forming when misused
• Morphine – an opium derivative that is one of the most potent naturally-occurring opioids; morphine is often used in hospice care or for cancer patients who have developed a tolerance to other opioids