The Paradox of Popular Dog Breeds with Innate Diseases

Introduction:
Despite the prevalence of severe innate diseases in flat-faced dogs like French and English Bulldogs, they remain highly popular among dog enthusiasts. This paradox has intrigued Hungarian scientists who sought to understand the reasons behind this phenomenon. The researchers discovered that the lovers of these breeds are indeed aware of the associated health issues. However, they tend to normalize these problems, considering them as part of the breed’s characteristics rather than acknowledging the discomfort and distress they cause to the dogs.

Inherent Health Challenges:
French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, Pugs, and Boston Terriers are immensely popular in both the United States and Europe. However, it is surprising that these breeds, which face numerous inherent health challenges, continue to be in demand. More than half of these dogs struggle with breathing difficulties, frequently experience eye problems, and over 80% require C-sections during delivery. These health issues result in a significantly shorter life expectancy compared to other breeds of similar size, with French Bulldogs having an average lifespan of only around four and a half years.

The Eye Contact Theory:
One assumption was that the appeal of flat-faced breeds lies in their tendency to make eye contact with humans. However, the researchers found that this trait alone did not explain their popularity. Instead, individuals who preferred photos of dogs making direct eye contact were typically sociable, empathetic, and capable of understanding others’ perspectives. This finding suggested that the attractiveness of flat-faced dogs extends beyond eye contact.

Awareness of Health Problems:
Contrary to expectations, it was revealed that those who liked flat-faced breeds were actually the most aware of the associated health problems. The survey showed that nearly all respondents associated flat-faced breeds with breathing difficulties, a majority recognized dystocia as a problem, and over 60% were aware of corneal ulceration. The enthusiasts of these breeds had higher emotional empathy and were sensitive to the suffering of other living beings.

The Profile of Enthusiasts:
Enthusiasts of flat-faced dogs tended to be younger, with lower levels of education and less professional experience with dogs compared to those who were neutral or disliked these breeds. They were also more likely to be women and have children. Due to their relative inexperience as dog owners, it is plausible that enthusiasts might not recognize certain communication signals from their dogs or understand signs of pain. Consequently, they may perceive health problems as normal breed characteristics rather than indications of illness or distress.

Shaping the Health of Dog Breeds:
Despite being aware of the innate health problems, enthusiasts’ love for flat-faced dogs remains unaffected. This suggests that awareness campaigns focusing solely on listing health issues might not be effective in deterring people from purchasing these breeds. Instead, the emphasis should be on highlighting that these health problems should not be considered normal or acceptable traits, as they cause pain and suffering to the dogs. Dog owners need to understand that their choices play a significant role in shaping the overall health of dog breeds.

Conclusion:
The popularity of dog breeds with inherent diseases poses a conundrum. The study revealed that enthusiasts of flat-faced dogs are aware of the associated health issues but tend to normalize them. To address this, it is crucial to educate dog owners about the negative consequences of perpetuating these health problems and emphasize that such issues should not be considered acceptable or normal. By promoting responsible breeding practices and prioritizing the well-being of dogs, we can work towards improving the overall health of dog breeds.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about dog breed popularity

More about dog breed popularity

• “The brachycephalic paradox: The relationship between attitudes, demography, personality, health awareness, and dog-human eye contact” (journal article) – Link
• Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE) Department of Ethology – Link
• MTA-ELTE “Momentum” Companion Animal Research Group – Link