Deep sea, also known as hadal or abyssal zone, is the lowest layer of the ocean. It extends from a depth of about 6,000 meters to the bottom of the ocean floor. The deep sea is characterized by high pressure and low temperature. It is home to a variety of unique organisms that have adapted to the extreme conditions.
The deep sea is divided into three zones: bathyal, abyssal, and hadal. The bathyal zone extends from 200 meters to 2,000 meters and is characterized by a gradual decrease in light intensity and an increase in water pressure. The abyssal zone extends from 2,000 meters to 6,000 meters and is characterized by complete darkness and extremely high pressure. The hadal zone extends below 6,000 meters and is characterized by extreme pressures and temperatures.
Organisms that live in the deep sea have adapted to the harsh conditions. They are often slow-moving or sedentary due to the low availability of food and lack of sunlight. Many deep-sea organisms are translucent or red in color due to the lack of sunlight. Some species have developed bioluminescent organs that produce light used for communication or attracting prey.
The deep sea is home to a variety of unique animals including giant squid, anglerfish, vampire squid, lanternfish, tube worms, crabs, shrimp, amphipods ,and eels . These animals are often very different in appearance from their shallower water counterparts due to their adaptations to their environment . For example ,the vampire squid has large eyes that help it see in the dark depths while its red coloration helps it blend in with the dim light .