Migration is the process of moving from one place to another, typically over long distances. The word migration can refer to the physical movement of people, animals, or plants. It can also refer to the movement of objects such as information or money.
Humans have been migrating since prehistoric times. Migration is often motivated by a desire to find better economic opportunities, to escape political persecution or conflict, or to be reunited with family members. Some migrants move in response to environmental changes, such as droughts or hurricanes.
Migration can be voluntary or forced. Forced migration occurs when people are displaced against their will, often due to conflict or natural disasters. Voluntary migration is more common and refers to instances where people choose to move in search of better opportunities.
The number of international migrants has reached an all-time high in recent years. According to estimates from the United Nations (UN), there were 244 million international migrants in 2015 – an increase of 41% since 2000. The majority of international migrants live in developed countries; however, developing countries are home to an increasing number of migrants as well.
There are many different types of migration patterns. Some common patterns include: circular migration, chain migration, stepwise migration, and transnationalism. Circular migration occurs when people regularly move back and forth between two places; this pattern is often seen in agricultural workers who return home during the off-season . Chain migration happens when groups of people migrate together; this is often seen in family groups who follow one member who has already migrated . Stepwise migration occurs when people move from one place to another and then settle permanently; this pattern is often seen in skilled workers who migrate for jobs . Transnationalism refers to cases where ties are maintained between two places even after migrating; this might involve maintaining a business in both locations or splitting time between them .