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The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits Earth, being Earth’s only permanent natural satellite. The Moon is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the Solar System, and the largest among planetary satellites relative to the size of the planet that it orbits (its primary). The Moon is thought to have formed not long after Earth. It is the second-densest satellite among those whose densities are known.
The modern English adjective pertaining to the Moon is lunar, derived from Old English lūnse (cf. German Mond, Dutch maan), a cognate of Latin luna (“moon”).