Pesticides are substances or mixture of substances used to kill, control or repel pests. Pests include insects, rodents, fungi and other organisms that can damage crops, spread diseases or harm people and animals.
Pesticides come in many different forms including liquids, granules, powders and aerosable baits. Some pesticides act quickly to kill pests while others work more slowly to prevent further infestation or damage.
Most pesticides are designed to target a specific pest; however, some broad-spectrum pesticides can kill a wide range of pests. Pesticides are also categorized by their intended use: agricultural, residential (including commercial), industrial and public health.
Pesticide use has benefits and risks associated with it. When used properly, pesticides can protect crops from damage, reduce the spread of disease and help keep food prices low. On the other hand, improper pesticide use can cause environmental contamination, human health problems and economic losses due to crop damage.
The first step in using pesticides safely is to identify the pest problem and select a product that is specifically labeled for that particular pest. It is important to read the entire label before using any pesticide product as directions will vary depending on the formulation (liquid, powder, etc.), application method (spray bottle versus backpack sprayer) and targeted pest(s). Once you have selected the appropriate product, be sure to follow all label instructions carefully. Pay special attention to personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements as some products require gloves, respirators or long sleeved clothing during mixing/loading, application and cleanup activities.
When applying any pesticide always remember these key points:
-Wear the proper PPE for protection from both the pesticide product itself as well as any potential drift that could occur during application
-Calibrate your equipment prior to each use according to manufacturer’s specifications – this will ensure you are applying the correct amount of product per acre/hectare
-Apply only when conditions are favorable for drifted material to stay where you want it – wind speed should be below 15 mph / 25 kph
-Avoid areas where people or animals congregate such as open water bodies (lakes & streams), parks & playgrounds
-Do not allow anyone into treated areas until sprays have dried completely