A power dynamic is a relationship between two or more people in which each person has some degree of control over the other(s). The term can be used to describe relationships between individuals, groups, organizations, or countries.
A power dynamic can be either positive or negative. A positive power dynamic is one in which all parties involved feel they are benefitting from the relationship and that their needs are being met. A negative power dynamic is one in which one party feels they are being controlled or exploited by the other(s).
The concept of a power dynamic is often used in the field of social science, particularly when studying interactions between people. It can be helpful for understanding dynamics within families, workplaces, and other social groups.