A radiation storm is a large release of energy from the Sun in the form of X-rays and other high-energy particles. This can occur when there is a sudden release of magnetic energy on the Sun, such as during a solar flare or coronal mass ejection. Radiation storms can last for hours or days, and can be extremely dangerous to astronauts and anyone else exposed to the high levels of radiation.
Radiation storms are classified into three categories: S1, S2, and S3. An S1 storm is the least intense, while an S3 storm is the most intense. The level of intensity is determined by the amount of X-ray flux reaching Earth. During an S1 storm, the X-ray flux level will reach 0.1-0.9 Watts per square meter (W/m^2). An S2 storm will have an X-ray flux level of 1-9 W/m^2, and an S3 storm will have an X-ray flux level of 10+ W/m^2.
The effects of a radiation storm depend on its intensity. For example, during an S1 storm, there may be some minor effects such as shortwave radio blackouts lasting up to an hour. However, during an S3 storm, there could be widespread power blackouts lasting for days or weeks, as well as damage to satellites and other electronic equipment. Additionally, anyone exposed to high levels of radiation during a storm could experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and even death.
There are several ways to protect oneself from radiation exposure during astorm. First , it is important to stay indoors as much as possible and avoid being outside in direct sunlight . If you must go outside , wear long sleeves and pants made from natural fibers like cotton . It is also important to drink plentyof fluids and avoid caffeine . Finally , do not use electrical appliances or corded phonesduring a thunderstorm .