Sol is the star at the center of the solar system. It is the Earth’s primary source of light and heat, and drives the planet’s climate and weather. Sol is a medium-sized star and is about halfway through its life. It will eventually die, but not for billions of years.
Sol is a yellow dwarf star of spectral type G2V. It has a mass of 1.99 x 10^30 kg (about 333,000 Earths) and a diameter of 1.392 x 10^9 km (109 times that of Earth). Sol’s density is 1.41 grams per cubic centimeter, meaning it would float in water if it were placed inside it. The surface temperature of Sol ranges from 5500 Kelvin (-4803 degrees Fahrenheit) to 6000 Kelvin (-5140 degrees Fahrenheit). The core temperature is thought to be around 15 million Kelvin (14 million degrees Celsius or 25 million degrees Fahrenheit).
The composition of Sol’s atmosphere is about 74% hydrogen, 24% helium, and 2% other elements such as carbon, oxygen, neon, nitrogen, magnesium, iron, silicon and sulfur. These other elements are present in very small amounts compared to hydrogen and helium