Solar particles are particles that originate from the sun. They include protons, electrons, and ions of various elements. Solar particles interact with the Earth’s atmosphere, magnetic field, and upper layers of the Earth’s surface.
The sun is constantly emitting a stream of charged particles, mainly protons and electrons. This stream of particles is known as the solar wind. The solar wind interacts with the Earth’s magnetic field to create a variety of phenomena on Earth and in near-Earth space.
The most well-known effect of the solar wind is the aurora borealis (northern lights) and aurora australis (southern lights). The solar wind also affects radio waves and can disrupt communications on Earth. In addition, the solar wind can cause electrical power outages by inducing currents in power lines.
Solar flares are sudden eruptions of energy from the sun’s surface that release large amounts of radiation into space. Solar flares can disrupt communications on Earth and pose a health risk to astronauts and people living near the poles.