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The temporal lobe is a region of the brain that is located underneath the temporal bones, at the base of the skull. This area of the brain is responsible for processing auditory information, as well as controlling our sense of smell. The temporal lobe is also involved in short-term memory, and plays a role in language processing and understanding. In addition, the temporal lobe is responsible for our emotional responses, and regulates our fight or flight response. damage to this area of the brain can lead to problems with hearing, memory, and emotion.