TMD refers to a group of disorders that affect the chewing muscles and joints. These conditions are often associated with pain in the face, jaw, and neck. TMD can also cause clicking or popping sounds when you move your jaw, and may make it difficult to open or close your mouth.
The exact cause of TMD is not known, but it is thought to be due to a combination of factors, including genetics, arthritis, teeth grinding (bruxism), and Jaw clenching. Stress may also play a role in TMD.
There are several treatment options for TMD, depending on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may improve with self-care measures such as over-the-counter pain relievers, ice packs, and avoiding hard or chewy foods. More severe cases may require physical therapy, splinting or other appliances to stabilize the jaw, Botox injections, or surgery.