Toad

Toad, (family Bufonidae), any of numerous amphibians in the order Anura that resemble frogs but tend to be dry-skinned, leathery, or warty and often have short legs. Toads typically have shorter hind legs than true frogs and are more terrestrial; some species burrow into soil for much of the year. Although most toads lay eggs in water, some breed on land. Most tadpoles metamorphose within two months after hatching from their Jellylike eggs; however, a few species retain their tadpole stage for as long as five years or even longer. Adult toads range in size up to about 20 cm (8 inches). They vary considerably in coloration and markings but typically are dull brown or gray above with darker spots or blotches; many have light coloring below with dark spots on the throat and chest. The eyes are large relative to body size, and pupils may be round or horizontal slits. Toes usually lack webbing between them. True frogs (family Ranidae) differ from bufonid toads mainly by having fully webbed toes rather than only partially webbed ones; they also lack parotoid glands behind each eye—glands unique among anurans—that secrete noxious substances when an animal is handled roughly. Toads do not possess these glands either but may instead excrete a poisonous substance through the skin if disturbed excessively. Bothbufonids and ranids can give off a loud cry when alarmed; however, this vocalization is produced by males of both groups during breeding season primarily for attracting mates rather than for defense against predators or other enemies