Biomechanics is the study of mechanical principles as they apply to living organisms. It covers a wide range of topics, from how muscles generate force to how bones bear load, and from how joints move to how organs are supported by the body’s skeleton. Biomechanics also includes investigations of fluid mechanics in biological systems, such as blood flow and respiratory movements.
The field of biomechanics has its roots in the work of Leonardo da Vinci, who made detailed drawings and observations of human anatomy. In the 19th century, scientists began to use mathematics and physics to study biomechanical phenomena. The term “biomechanics” was coined in 1876 by Julius Wolff, a German physician who is considered one of the founders of the field.
Since then, biomechanical principles have been used to design everything from artificial limbs and heart valves to sports equipment and ergonomic office furniture. Biomechanical knowledge is also playing an increasingly important role in developing new treatments for medical conditions such as arthritis and osteoporosis.
As our understanding of biomechanics continues to grow, it will help us not only to improve the design of existing products but also to create entirely new technologies that can enhance or even save lives.