Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition in which the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is too high. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg. If your blood pressure is consistently above 140/90 mmHg, you have hypertension.
Hypertension can be caused by a number of factors, including obesity, smoking, stress, and excessive salt intake. It can also be a side effect of certain medications. High blood pressure usually has no symptoms, but it can cause serious problems such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.
There are two types of hypertension: primary and secondary. Primary hypertension develops over time and has no specific cause. Secondary hypertension occurs as a result of another condition, such as kidney disease or adrenal gland tumors.
Treatment for hypertension typically includes lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and exercising regularly. Medications may also be necessary to lower blood pressure if lifestyle changes are not enough.